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The Future is Electric: Discussion paper on Electric Vehicles in India

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Before Covid hit the world, there was a steady growth in the adoption of electric vehicles across the globe and more so in India. However, saying that sales of electric vehicles have increased monumentallyin the past two years would not be an understatement. Electric vehicles, whether electric 2/3/4 wheelers or others are quickly becoming a mainstay. Automotive OEMs as well as tech system integrators have also become an integralpart of the ecosystem, designing and manufacturing various components. In addition,tech startups have also developed many solutions and platforms in electric vehicleecosystem.

This discussion paper titled “The Future is Electric” explores the rationale behind the increased use of electric vehicles in India, the overall architectural deep dive of EVs, the players present in the ecosystem, ranging from the traditional auto OEMs and tier 1s to tech system integrators and tech startups, and the various challenges that everyone across the ecosystem is facing as well as recommendations to further create a more robust ecosystem and scale up the adoption in India.

Key Findings

Growth of Electric Vehicles

  • 2/3 wheeler electric vehicles have witnessed high double-digit growth in the last 2years, however, e-4W has witnessed 150% increase in sales. Battery and charginginfrastructure markets are also expected to grow substantially, with the govt. providingspecific targets for EV adoption.
Reasons for increased adoption of EVs

  •     
  • Reasons include risingfuel prices, increasing CO2 emissions, EVs displacing oil, various govt. initiativesincluding schemes and subsidies, new charging and battery swapping policies, massive advancements intechnology, less total cost of ownership of owning an EV in the long run than a regular internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle,and new models introduced by OEMsto cater to changing consumer preferences.
Ecosystem

  • Not just automotive OEMs, but tech system integrators have also become an integralpart of the ecosystem, designing and manufacturing various components. In addition,tech startups have also developed many solutions and platforms in electric vehicleecosystem.
Challenges and Recommendations

  • Some of the challenges include safety and fires, mileage and range,need for more players in the ecosystem, clarity from the govt. on subsidies, a commonelectric vehicle policy, targets, infrastructure, need for local manufacturing, talent,better battery, charging and vehicle technology, increased awareness and higher prices
  • Some of the recommendations include need for govt. to standardize safety rules, bring inmore incentives, create a scrappage policy for easy scrapping of e-waste, need tointegrate tech platforms with charging and battery infrastructure, need for more techcompanies to be present in the ecosystem to develop technologies and research,encourage more foreign investment by creating a robust ecosystem, and create moreconsumer awareness.

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